Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus are believed to be extremely rare in patients under 35 years of age. In fact, until recently ophthalmologists were under the impression that one never encountered diabetic retinopathy in these younger persons. It is now recognized that cataract is not infrequently seen in children and young adults with this common metabolic disease. Also changes in refraction are common, especially at times when the blood sugar concentration is changing rapidly. As proof that diabetic retinopathy is not so rare as generally believed, studies of the fundi of 555 young patients with diabetes revealed 23 with retinal pathologic change which was apparently due to that disease alone. Also in an additional survey of 260 young diabetic patients 43 were found to have lens changes of the type known to occur with this disease. In our experience there are two very rare ocular complications of diabetes, namely lipemia