How Nitrogenase Shakes − Initial Information about P−Cluster and FeMo-cofactor Normal Modes from Nuclear Resonance Vibrational Spectroscopy (NRVS)

Abstract
Nitrogenase catalyzes a reaction critical for life, the reduction of N2 to 2NH3, yet we still know relatively little about its catalytic mechanism. We have used the synchrotron technique of 57Fe nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) to study the dynamics of the Fe−S clusters in this enzyme. The catalytic site FeMo-cofactor exhibits a strong signal near 190 cm-1, where conventional Fe−S clusters have weak NRVS. This intensity is ascribed to cluster breathing modes whose frequency is raised by an interstitial atom. A variety of Fe−S stretching modes are also observed between 250 and 400 cm-1. This work is the first spectroscopic information about the vibrational modes of the intact nitrogenase FeMo-cofactor and P-cluster.