Sleep-promoting effects of muramyl peptides.

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Abstract
A muramyl peptide that induces excess slow-wave sleep in rats, rabbits and cats was recently isolated from human urine. Synthetic aceytlmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (muramyl dipeptide) and its lysyl derivative (acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyllysine) the somnogenic effects of the natural peptide. Both compounds were pyrogenic and may cause other disturbances of autonomic function. The pyrogenic effects of muramyl dipeptide (i.v.) can be suppressed by previous treatment with acetaminophen without blocking the sleep-promoting effects.