Adult squirrel monkeys that had lived as a colony for 4 years were presented both during the fatted breeding season and during the nonfatted season with the choice of approaching one of two members of the group or remaining alone. Season affects the magnitude but not the direction of social preference. All animals show a strong preference for the high ranking male. Females have a greater preference for males than males for females. The higher the male’s position on the dominance rank, the greater is his preference to remain alone and to avoid females. The high ranking male is preferred by both males and females, although he rarely selects females.