Internal Factors Controlling the Suboesophageal Ganglion Neurosecretory Cycle in Periplaneta Americana L

Abstract

1. Two interacting factors, both following a 24 hr. rhythm, are found to be concerned in the control of the locomotor activity rhythm of Periplaneta americana. 2. When the suboesophageal ganglion is chilled to 30°C., the rest of the body being kept at room temperature, the phases of the neurosecretory cycle are delayed for a period equivalent to the period of chilling. 3. A second cycle, which follows a 24 hr. rhythm, can act as a stimulus to the neurosecretory cycle if the latter is at a stage which responds to a stimulus. If the second cycle affects the neurosecretory cycle the phases of the latter are reset by the stimulus. The phases of the second cycle can be reset by a change from light to darkness while the suboesophageal ganglion is in the chilled state. It appears that the second cycle is immediately reset by the onset of darkness, regardless of the time at which this occurs. 5. The value to the animal, in its natural conditions, of the control of the locomotor rhythm by two interacting cycles is discussed.