Ethnicity and gestational diabetes in New York City, 1995–2003
Open Access
- 28 June 2008
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
- Vol. 115 (8), 969-978
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.01763.x
Abstract
Objective To characterise the patterns of occurrence of gestational diabetes among a wide range of ethnic groups that reside in New York City. Design Birth records and hospital discharge data were linked to more accurately assess the risk of gestational diabetes by ethnicity, compare risk in US‐born to foreign‐born women, and assess time trends. Setting New York City. Population All singleton live births occurring between 1995 and 2003. Methods Multivariable binomial regression analysis of ethnicity and gestational diabetes, yielding adjusted risk ratios with non‐Hispanic white women as the referent. Main outcome measure Diagnosis of gestational diabetes on birth certificate or in hospital discharge. Results Adjusted relative risks (aRRs) were modestly elevated for African‐Americans and sub‐Saharan Africans and somewhat higher (<2.0) for non‐Hispanic Caribbeans, Hispanic Caribbeans, Central Americans, and South Americans. The aRR was 4.7 (95% CI = 4.6–4.9) for South Central Asians (with an absolute gestational diabetes risk of 14.3%), 2.8 (95% CI = 2.7–3.0) among South‐East Asian and Pacific Islanders, and 2.3 (95% CI = 2.2–2.4) among East Asians. Among South Central Asians, the greatest risks were found for women from Bangladesh (aRR = 7.1, 95% CI = 6.8–7.3). Foreign‐born women consistently had higher risk than US‐born women. Risk for gestational diabetes increased over time among South Central Asians, some Hispanic groups, and African‐Americans. Conclusions Risk of gestational diabetes appears to vary markedly among ethnic groups, subject to potential artefacts associated with screening and diagnosis. These differences would have direct implications for health care and may suggest aetiologic hypotheses.Keywords
This publication has 36 references indexed in Scilit:
- Association Between Length of Residence and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among an Ethnically Diverse Group of United States ImmigrantsJournal of General Internal Medicine, 2007
- New York City's immigrant minoritiesCancer, 2006
- Accuracy of obstetric diagnoses and procedures in hospital discharge dataAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006
- Accuracy of reporting maternal in‐hospital diagnoses and intrapartum procedures in Washington State linked birth recordsPaediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2005
- The reporting of pre-existing maternal medical conditions and complications of pregnancy on birth certificates and in hospital discharge dataAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2005
- Easy SAS Calculations for Risk or Prevalence Ratios and DifferencesAmerican Journal of Epidemiology, 2005
- Leisure‐time physical activity among pregnant women in the USPaediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2004
- An Increase in the Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Northern California, 1991–2000Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2004
- Why Do Mexican Americans Give Birth to Few Low-Birth-Weight Infants?American Journal of Epidemiology, 2000
- Maternal Glucose Tolerance and Obstetric Complications in Pregnancies in Which the Offspring Developed Type I DiabetesDiabetes Care, 1994