Shallow freshwater ecosystems of the circumpolar Arctic
- 1 September 2011
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Écoscience
- Vol. 18 (3), 204-222
- https://doi.org/10.2980/18-3-3463
Abstract
This review provides a synthesis of limnological data and conclusions from studies on ponds and small lakes at our research sites in Subarctic and Arctic Canada, Alaska, northern Scandinavia, and Greenland. Many of these water bodies contain large standing stocks of benthic microbial mats that grow in relatively nutrient-rich conditions, while the overlying water column is nutrient-poor and supports only low concentrations of phytoplankton. Zooplankton biomass can, however, be substantial and is supported by grazing on the microbial mats as well as detrital inputs, algae, and other plankton. In addition to large annual temperature fluctuations, a short growing season, and freeze-up and desiccation stress in winter, these ecosystems are strongly regulated by the supply of organic matter and its optical and biogeochemical properties. Dissolved organic carbon affects bacterial diversity and production, the ratio between pelagic and benthic primary productivity via light attenuation, and the exposur... Résumé : Cette revue fait la synthèse des données limnologiques et des conclusions d'études réalisées sur des étangs et des petits lacs de nos sites de recherche dans les régions arctiques et subarctiques du Canada, en Alaska, au nord de la Scandinavie et au Groenland. Plusieurs des plans d'eau étudiés contiennent d'épais tapis microbiens benthiques qui croissent dans des conditions relativement riches en nutriments, alors que la colonne d'eau sus-jacente est pauvre en nutriments et ne peut supporter que de faibles biomasses phytoplanctoniques. Cependant, la biomasse de zooplancton peut être substantielle, étant supportée par le broutement des tapis microbiens, les apports de débris, les algues et les autres organismes planctoniques. En plus des grandes fluctuations annuelles de la température, d'une courte saison de croissance et des stress hivernaux liés au gel et à la dessiccation, ces écosystèmes sont régulés en bonne partie par l'apport de matière organique et les propriétés optiques et biogéochimiqu...Keywords
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