Long term changes in total body water, total exchangeable sodium and total body potassium before and after ileostomy

Abstract

In 10 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, total body water, total body potassium and total exchangeable sodium were measured both before and 6 months after the establishment of a permanent ileostomy. All 10 patients underwent elective surgery for their inflammatory bowel disease but all were malnourished before surgery when their body composition was first measured. Six months later, when the body composition was again determined, all the patients were in good health and had normally functioning ileostomies. As a group they had gained 6–8 kg in body weight and 372 mEq total body potassium over the 6-month period. When the “normal” total body water was calculated for each patient, a deficit of 12.4 per cent for the group was found before surgery and this was still present (11.1 per cent) 6 months later. The concentration of exchangeable sodium in the body water fell from an abnormally high level before surgery to within the normal range 6 months later. These data show that deficits in total body water occurring preoperatively are not repaired in the months following the establishment of a well-functioning ileostomy, and that a reduction of total exchangeable sodium is present in patients with an ileostomy who are otherwise well. It is suggested that these findings should encourage the surgeon managing patients with intractable inflammatory bowel disease to strive for good nutrition and normal body composition before embarking on excisional surgery and the establishment of a permanent ileostomy.