The incidence of previous and current herpesvirus hominis Type II infections in asymptomatic pregnant women was investigated. Sera were obtained from 985 patients for detection of Type I and II herpesvirus hominis antibodies. In addition 770 cervical and 211 amniotic fluid cultures for herpesvirus hominis Type II were performed. Identification of previous herpesvirus hominis infection was determined in 352 patients (35.7%) by calculation of a Type II/I antibody index of .gtoreq. 85. Type II herpesvirus hominis was isolated from 5 cervical cultures for a 0.65% antepartum incidence of infection. No amniotic fluid culture demonstrated virus. The significance of these findings is discussed.