Outcome Research in Environmental Education: A Critical Review

Abstract

This review includes an analysis of the 34 environmental education studies published since 1974 that attempted to demonstrate changes in environmentally relevant knowledge, attitudes, or behaviors. The authors divide the studies into two major categories—in-class and out-of-class programs—and critique the studies' findings and methodologies. Although many of the investigations contained methodological difficulties, some of the findings indicate that future research can refine environmental education strategies and curricula.