Small-Group Discussion Versus Lecture Format for Third-Year Students in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare lecture and small-group discussion for third-year medical students in obstetrics and gynecology. METHODS: Over a 2-year period, 91 third-year medical students in the obstetrics and gynecology clerkships were given educational sessions on diabetes and hypertension in pregnancy by a single instructor, either in a traditional lecture format or in a small-group discussion. After the instructional sessions, students anonymously completed a 20-question multiple-choice examination on the covered topics. They also completed an evaluation form on the instructional format, using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). At the completion of each clerkship, students repeated the same multiple-choice examination. RESULTS: There was a significantly higher level of enjoyment (median value 5 versus 4, P < .001) and sense of educational stimulation (median value 5 versus 4, P < .001) in the discussion group, and students in the discussion group were less desirous of the alternate instructional format than those in the lecture group (median value 2 versus 3, P < .001). However, there were no differences in the test scores, either immediately after the instructional sessions or at the end of the clerkships. There was a 90% power to detect a 15% difference in postinstructional test scores. CONCLUSION: Third-year medical students learning about hypertension and diabetes in pregnancy during their obstetrics and gynecology clerkship strongly preferred small-group discussions over traditional lectures. However, this preference did not lead to improved test scores on these subjects. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-1