Pollination-Induced Ethylene in Carnation (Role of Pollen Tube Growth and Sexual Compatibility)

Abstract

The pollen-pistil interactions that result in the stimulation of ethylene production and petal senescence in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers were investigated. Pollination of White Sim flowers with Starlight pollen elicited an increase in ethylene production by styles, leading to increased petal ethylene and premature petal senescence. In contrast, pollination with 87–29G pollen led to an early increase in ethylene production, but this was not sustained, and did not lead to petal senescence. Both Starlight and 87–29G pollen germinated on White Sim stigmas and their tubes grew at similar rates, penetrating the length of the style. Crosses between Starlight and White Sim led to the production of viable seeds, whereas 87–29G pollen was infertile on White Sim flowers. Pollination of other carnations with 87–29G elicited ethylene production and petal senescence and led to the production of viable seeds. These results suggest that physical growth of pollen tubes is insufficient to elicit a sustained increase in ethylene production or to lead to the production of signals necessary for elicitation of petal ethylene production and senescence. Rather, the cell-cell recognition reactions leading to sexual compatibility in Dianthus appear to play a role in this interorgan signaling after pollination.