Liver toxicity after acetaminophen ingestion. Inadequacy of the dose estimate as an index of risk

Abstract

With increasing frequency, the physician is confronted with the problem of determining the risk of liver toxicity in a person who may have ingested an overdose of acetaminophen. To be effective, antidotal therapy must be given early after acetaminophen ingestion when the patient, despite the toxic injury occurring in his liver, may appear quite well. The causes of the first 5 persons who came to this institution with a history of having ingested a large overdose of acetaminophen were reviewed. In each case plasma or serum acetaminophen levels, indicating the amount of drug absorbed, were a more reliable index of the risk of toxic liver injury and the need for antidotal therapy than the estimate of the dose ingested.