Control of decoherence: Analysis and comparison of three different strategies

Abstract

We analyze and compare three different strategies, all aimed at controlling and eventually halting decoherence. The first strategy hinges upon the quantum Zeno effect, the second makes use of frequent unitary interruptions (“bang-bang” pulses and their generalization, quantum dynamical decoupling), and the third uses a strong, continuous coupling. Decoherence is shown to be suppressed only if the frequency $N$ of the measurements or pulses is large enough or if the coupling $K$ is sufficiently strong. Otherwise, if $N$ or $K$ is large, but not extremely large, all these control procedures accelerate decoherence. We investigate the problem in a general setting and then consider some practical examples, relevant for quantum computation.