Some Mechanistic Aspects of the Fire Retardant Action of Red Phosphorus in Aliphatic Nylons

Abstract

The fire retardant action of red phosphorus in nylon 6 was im proved by co-addition of ferric/ferrous oxides. It was found that the activity of Fe oxides depends on the product grade. Polymer formulations, non-ignitable in air were obtained by co-addition of Fe₃O₄/Fe₂O₃ = 3:2 with red phosphorus. Scanning electron microscopy showed that ferric oxide contributes beneficially to the fire retardancy, probably because it modifies the morphology of the char. Red phosphorus coated by Fe₃O₄ and encapsulated with phenol formaldehyde resin provided further improvements of fire retardancy and significantly de creased the rate of evolution of phosphine. Mechanistic studies did not support the hypothesis reported in the literature, that the fire retardant action of red phosphorus is due to its oxidation by oxygen of air.