Thirty-three patients with unstable burst fractures of the lower thoracic and lumbar spine were treated with a reduction–fixation system. The new system is used both as a reduction and a fixation device for disorders of the lower thoracic and lumbar spine. In treatment of spinal fractures, it provides symmetric lordotic distraction to obtain the best possible reduction of intracanal fragments, and rigidly stabilizes the fractured vertebra while involving the minimum number of segments. All patients had a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Most patients in this series had a near-anatomic reduction of all three columns in the involved segment. The “indirect” neurologic decompression was successful in cases treated early after injury. The fixation was rigid enough to allow early mobilization and rehabilitation in a light orthosis within 1 week after surgery, and there was minimal loss of reduction during the follow-up period. The complications were minor. The reduction–fixation system achieved the surgical goals of posterior instrumentation for treatment of unstable thoracolumbar burst fractures.