Group-Specific Component, Alphai-Antitrypsin and Esterase D in Canadian Eskimos

Abstract

Three genetic markers, group-specific component (Gc), .alpha.1-antitrypsin, and esterase D, were examined in a population of Eskimos from Igloolik in the eastern Canadian Arctic. Gc and esterase D were found to be polymorphic. In addition to the common Gc types, an anodal variant called Gc Igloolik was found, probably identical to previously reported Gc Eskimo. Gene frequencies were Gc1: 0.6524, Gc2: 0.3373, GcIgl: 0.0104, for 338 Eskimos. Genetic types of .alpha.1-antitrypsin (Pi [protease inhibitor] types) were mostly M, with 2 MS sibs who were half Caucasian, in 170 Eskimos. Frequencies of the esterase D allele in 336 Eskimos were EsD1: 0.7083, EsD2: 0.2917. The frequencies of Gc2 and EsD2 are both higher than are found in Caucasian populations.