Biosynthesis of Stizolobinic Acid and Stizolobic Acid in Higher Plants. An Enzyme System(s) Catalyzing the Conversion of Dihydroxyphenylalanine into Stizolobinic Acid and Stizolobic Acid from Etiolated Seedlings of Stizolobium hassjoo

Abstract

It was demonstrated that an enzyme system(s) extracted from etiolated seedlings of Stizolobium hassjoo catalyzed the conversion of l-dihydroxyphenylalanine into stizolobinic acid, α-amino-6-carboxy-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-propionic acid, and stizolobic acid, α-amino-6-carboxy-2-oxo-2H-pyran-4propionic acid, in the presence of NADP⁺ or NAD⁺ under aerobic condition. Enzymically synthesized radioactive stizolobinic acid and stizolobic acid isolated from the reaction mixtures were purified and confirmed to have constant specific radioactivities by cocrystallization with authentic samples. Maximal activity of the enzyme preparation was obtained by using an insoluble polyphenol adsorbent (Polyclar AT) and a reducing agent (araboascorbic acid) in the extraction medium and by subsequent fractionation of the extract with ammonium sulfate followed by Sephadex G-25 gel filtration. Catalytic activity of the enzyme preparation was more unstable under aerobic condition than anaerobic. Attempts to stabilise the enzyme activity were made by the use of many substances which are known to stabilise other enzymes or expected to arrest the inactivation. Evidence is provided in this paper that the previously proposed biosynthetic pathways of stizolobinic acid and stizolobic acid from dihydroxyphenylalanine proceeded in the cell-free system from etiolated seedlings of S. hassjoo.