Hypothermia: Pathophysiology, Clinical Settings, and Management

Abstract

Hypothermia, defined as a core (rectal, esophageal, tympanic) temperature less than 35.degree. C, is frequently not recognized, partly due to the inadequacy of standard thermometers. This entity has multiple causes and unique pathophysiologic consequences that complicate diagnosis and treatment [of patients]. Understanding of the physiology of thermoregulation is important in light of recent advances in therapy using core rewarming. Pathophysiology, etiology and management of the hypothermia syndrome are reviewed.