Abstract
The proton-rich heavy nuclei are produced by proton-capture and/or photo-nuclear reactions starting with the products of neutron capture. The stellar conditions in which the proton-rich nuclei are produced must be such that the proton density ρp=10∼102 gcm-3, the neutron density ρn=10-5∼10-4 gcm-3 and the other matter density ρ≲10-5 gcm-3 at the temperature T=2.5 ∼3×109 °K. It is, however, difficult to explain the abundance of all proton-rich nuclei for the equal temperature. It is possible if there exist the regions of different temperature. To form these nuclei the nuclear formation by the effective (p, γ) reaction occurs in the higher temperature region and the nuclear formation by the effecive (γ, n) reaction in the lower temperature region.