Durability of the effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia: 12-month follow-up

Abstract

Background: Persistent drug-resistant psychotic symptoms are a pervasive problem in the treatment of schizophrenia.Aims: To evaluate the durability of the treatment effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy for chronic schizophrenia one year after treatment termination.Method: A comparison of clinical outcomes was made at one-year follow-up from a randomised trial of cognitive–behavioural therapy, supportive counselling and routine care alone in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.Results: Seventy out of the 72 patients (97%) who completed treatment were assessed at follow-up. There were significant differences between the three groups when positive and negative symptoms were analysed by means of ANCOVAs. Between-group comparisons indicated significant differences between cognitive–behavioural therapy and routine care at follow-up for positive symptoms. There was a trend towards significance for both cognitive–behavioural therapy and supportive counselling to be superior to routine care alone on negative symptoms.Conclusions: At 12-month follow-up the significant advantage of cognitive– behavioural therapy compared to routine care alone remained.