Early and adequate transfusion, prevention of infection and improved supportive measures are responsible for the survival of an untold number of casualties whose injuries would formerly have been rapidly fatal. But the very survival of persons seriously injured raises new problems in traumatotherapy, among which anuria assumes increasing significance. This report summarizes clinically relevant observations made during an experimental study of post-traumatic renal injury. The effects of trauma on renal function vary widely, according to the nature, severity and duration of the injury. Hemorrhage which does not cause prolonged hypotension usually results in temporary anuria, which is corrected by transfusion and which has no more significant sequel than the transitory appearance in the urine of casts, protein and red blood cells. Prolonged shock from hemorrhage or skeletal trauma may be followed by oliguria or anuria which does not respond to transfusion and culminates in uremia, although no specific renal lesion