In 1931 a bulletin was published under the auspices of the California Department of Public Health in which the subject of infection with the fungus Coccidioides immitis was reviewed.1This bulletin was documented with 172 references and indicated that 286 instances of the disease among human beings had been observed up to that time. By 1938 Dickson and Gifford2reported that 495 instances of the disease had been observed in California alone and that the disease had caused 249 deaths. Up to the time of writing (April 1941), 19 additional reports concerning this disease have been listed in theQuarterly Cumulative Index Medicus. Despite this large number of reported cases of coccidioidomycosis and the extensive literature concerning it, only 3 instances of the disease have been recognized at the Mayo Clinic. In the first case, reported by Foley, Love, Broders and Heilman,3the patient had coccidioidal osteomyelitis