Estimating Migration and the Effects of Disturbance in Mark-Recapture Studies on the Snail Cepaea nemoralis L.

Abstract
(1) A method is described for estimating migration rates from recapture data by recording movements across internal boundaries of a study site. (2) Application of the method to a grassland population of the snail Cepaea nemoralis indicated an annual adult emigration rate of 26-56% from a 400 m2 plot, and a net loss of c. 10% per year due to collecting disturbance. (3) Correcting for migration had a considerable effect on estimates of population gains and losses, as determined by Jolly's method. (4) Undisturbed migration rates were highest in May and June, but unaffected by population density.

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