Impairment in Holocaust survivors after 33 years: data from an unbiased community sample

Abstract

The psychiatric status of 135 survivors of the Holocaust was compared with that of control subjects. This study stands apart from most previous reports in that the 2 groups were generated by a random sample survey of all heads of households in a community (Montreal, Canada). Survivors were more likely to have mild psychiatric symptoms regardless of the age at which they experienced the Holocaust. The difference between survivors and controls in levels of mild psychiatric symptoms was greatly amplified in those respondents who perceived a recent increase in anti-Semitism in Montreal.