Studies on the Specificity of the Vaccine Effect Elicited by Inactivated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract

Inactivated, partially purified simian immunodefiency virus (SIV_mac) protected macaques from intravenous challenge with homologous and heterologous strains of SIV that had been grown on human cells but no protection against challenge with monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cell-grown SIV_mac was afforded. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 prepared in an analogous way to the SIV_mac vaccine on the C8166 human T cell line protected macaques against challenge with human cell-grown SIV_mac. These results suggest that protection may be mediated by xenoimmunization with the vaccine cell substrate proteins. All vaccinated macaques had anti-cell antibodies. Major reactivity to MHC class I antigens was found as well as to a 70-kD protein detectable only under nonreducing conditions.