In 1929, Morquio1of Montevideo reported a peculiar form of familial osseous dystrophy, occurring in four children of five in the same family. He was unable to find similar cases in the literature available to him. Morquio stated that the children were apparently healthy and had developed normally during the first year. At the time that they began to walk, bony changes appeared, "sparing only the head and face and causing no pain or other suffering but functional troubles affecting especially motility and physical trouble destroying the harmony of the body." He noted that the deformities were symmetrical, that the extremities were of normal length, though deformed, and that the thorax "was reduced in length and broadened." The results of a roentgen examination in each reported case of this peculiar form of dwarfism have been as characteristic as those described by Morquio. There has been demonstrated "osseous exuberance, for