Triple-Branched Cyanine Dyes.

Abstract
Y-shaped cyanines having exclusively dimethylamino end groups were synthesized by controlled Vilsmeier-type reaction of linear cyanines with N,N-dimethylformamide or 3-dimethylaminoacrolein. The observed mono-substitution and regioselectivity is explained on the basis that attack on the 2-positions of cyanines is sterically hindered by N-methyl groups.