Abstract
The lethal effect of X-rays administered in the presence and absence of oxygen has been compared in dividing and interdivisional cells of haploid, diploid, and tetraploid strains of S. cerevisiae. An approximately twofold dose reduction was effected by anoxia in all instances. Considered in terms of the evidence for different modes of lethal action in these different systems, these findings favor the involve-ment of oxygen in early radiochemical events rather than in terminal biological changes.