Charge transfer states in GeO2-doped silicate fiber-optic waveguides and their role in second-harmonic generation

Abstract

The concentration dependence of the broad-band luminescence arising in GeO₂-doped silicate fiber-optic waveguides is measured and interpreted. The spectra obtained show that electronic excitations of a new type that are absent in pure silicate glass — charge transfer excitons — arise in the doped system. Under the action of light an electron can be transferred both from a Ge center into the host and between Ge centers. Self-organization of these excitations in the field of a light wave (orientational ordering of their dipole moments) results in the appearance of a macroscopic electric field that destroys the initial centrosymmetry of the system and allows second-harmonic generation.