The chromosome of Cyphomandra betacea appear significantly larger than those of various Solanum species investigated. This suggests a distinct phylogenetic relationship between the 2 genera which have been regarded as closely related. A difference in chromosome size might further suggest an origin of Cyphomandra from herbaceous ancestors, while the present Solanum species are derived from woody ancestors, this based on the generalization that woody angiosperms usually have small-sized chromosomes, whereas in herbaceous members of this class all sizes of chromosomes exist.