Effect of renal vasodilatation on the distribution of cortical blood flow in the kidney of the dog

Abstract

Studies were performed to evaluate the validity of using the radioactive microsphere technique to measure regional blood flow in the renal cortex. A technique was developed in which the renal cortex was divided into four equal zones, and the fractional and absolute distribution of blood flow in these zones was determined. It was consistently found that approximately 70% of the renal blood flow was distributed to the two outer cortical zones with the remaining 30% going to the two inner cortical zones. In addition, there was a reproducible pattern of distribution of blood flow in different areas of the same kidney after a single injection of microspheres and in the same area of the kidney after multiple injections of microspheres. Using this method, the distribution of renal blood flow was determined before and during the intrarenal administration of either acetylcholine (40 μg/min) or bradykinin (5 μg/min). Both agents decreased the per cent of blood flow to outer cortical zone 1, caused no change in zone 2, and increased the fractional blood flow in inner cortical zones 3 and 4. When this data was evaluated in terms of total blood flow, there was no change in zone 1, an increase in zone 2 commensurate with the change in total blood flow, and a marked increase in inner cortical zones 3 and 4 which accounted for 60 and 65% of the increase in total blood flow during acetylcholine and bradykinin administration, respectively. Therefore, the natriuresis of renal vasodilatation is associated with a redistribution to inner cortical nephrons.