Direct Observation of CudLevels in I-III-VI2Compounds

Abstract
We report the direct observation of transitions from the Cu d levels in the valence band of CuInSe2. The fivefold degeneracy is completely lifted by spin-orbit interaction and the tetragonal crystal field in this chalcopyrite compound. From the observed polarization dependences, the symmetry of each of the five levels is determined. We show that a recent energy-band calculation ignoring d levels is unable to account for the structure of the uppermost valence bands in I-III-VI2 compounds.