The case histories of five male children, who had eczema, thrombocytopenic purpura, and purulent otitis media terminating with death, are reported. Four of the group lived about 2 years, one survived for 7½ years. The role of allergy, infection, drug therapy including steroid hormones, and splenectomy is discussed. In three of the group a family history of this symptom complex is compatible with a sex-linked recessive character as was true in Aldrich's case. The hereditary pattern and the combination of symptoms differentiate these patients from the majority of children with either eczema or purpura.