Termolecular proton transfer reactions assisted by ionic hydrogen bond formation: Reactions of aromatic cations with polar molecules

Abstract

We present a new method that applies resonant-two-photon ionization to generate reactant ions selectively in the source of a high-pressure mass spectrometer (R2PI-HPMS) for kinetic and equilibrium studies. Applications to reactions that would be obscured otherwise in a complex system are illustrated in mixtures of benzene with polar solvent molecules (S). We observe a novel type of proton transfer reactions from C6H6+• to two S molecules where S=CH3CN, CH3OH, C2H5OH and CH3COOC2H5, and from C6H5CH3+• to two S molecules where S=CH3OH and C2H5OH to form protonated solvent S2H+ dimers. The reactions are driven by the strong hydrogen bonds in the S2H+ dimers and therefore require the formation of the hydrogen bond concertedly with proton transfer, to make the process energetically feasible. The adducts (C6H6+•)S are observed with blocked solvent molecules where the subsequent switching reaction to yield S2H+ is slow, but not with alcohol reactants that can form hydrogen-bonded chains that facilitate fast subsequent proton extraction. Correspondingly, kinetic simulations suggest that the mechanism proceeds through (C6H6+•)S+S→S2H++C6H5• and C6H6+•+2S→S2H++C6H5• reactions, respectively. The rate coefficients of these reactions are in the range 10−13−10−12 cm3 s−1 for the reaction through a bimolecular switching channel and in the range 10−26−10−28 cm6 s−1 for reaction through a direct termolecular proton extraction mechanism. The relation to energetics and reactant structure is examined.