Cryptorchid patients [12] and sonographic evaluation of the inguinal region prior to surgical orchiopexy. When the testis was within the inguinal canal, the gonad was localized preoperatively by sonography in 8 of 9 patients. A patient had an associated inguinal hernia in which loops of bowel concealed the gonad. There were no false-positive cases. Abdominal or pelvic maldescended testes were not shown.