THE FECTIVENESS of intraperitoneal injection of povidone (Plasdone C) in prevention of reformation of peritoneal adhesions is presented in our preliminary report in 1964.1 The excellent result in reduction of adhesions in two groups of rabbits from 75% to 88% in extent and 57% to 71% in density1 was in favor of further investigation. It was suggested that procedure is practical and has two advantages: simplicity and transient presence of the introduced ascites. The prophylactic result in formation of adhesions which is presented by Choate et al2 using dextran in rats, was initiative for investigation of the effect of dextran and comparison with povidone in prevention of reformation of peritoneal adhesions. There are few reports1,3-5 in the literature in favor of our study. The results are indicative that further exploration of the subject is worthwhile and may contribute a solution for an unsolved problem in surgery.