Preparation and Chromatographic Properties of Stationary Phases for Open-Tubular Capillary Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

Preparation procedures for open-tubular capillary columns for liquid chromatography and their chromatographic characteristics were reviewed. The review was focused on chemically bonded or non-extractable stationary phases. The pretreatment of soda-lime glass capillaries with an alkaline aqueous solution was effective for increasing the surface area of capillaries, which permitted introduction of much more modifier onto the surface. Solvent and temperature gradient elution techniques were applied and the advantages of gradient elution in open-tubular capillary liquid chromatography were demonstrated.