A view on new drugs for macular degeneration

Abstract

Estimates suggest that in Europe 2.3% of people older than 65 years have neovascular age-related macular degeneration, which can lead to loss of central vision. The condition is the leading cause of blindness in the estern world, and the third commonest worldwide. It is characterised by growth of new blood vessels beneath the retina (choroidal neovascularisation), a process stimulated by the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).3 Two new drugs, pegaptanib sodium (Macugen - Pfizer) and ranibizumab (Lucentis -Novartis), that block the effects of VEGF are now licensed in the UK for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. A third drug that inhibits VEGF activity, bevacizumab (Avastin - Roche), is also used for this condition but is licensed only for metastatic colorectal or breast cancer. Here we consider the role of pegaptanib, ranibizumab and bevacizumab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.