VACCINATION OF PREGNANT COWS WITH LOW DOSES OF BRUCELLA ABORTUS STRAIN 19 VACCINE

Abstract

Two groups, each of 9 Jersey cows, were vaccinated s.c. with reduced doses of B. abortus strain 19 vaccine (measured by the number of bacteria in the vaccine dose) early in their 2nd pregnancy. At 10 wk later they were challenged, along with a similar group of non-vaccinated coes, by conjunctival instillation of a virulent strain of B. abortus biotype 1. Cows in Group 1 received 1/20th and those in Group 2 received 1/400th the recommended dose of strain 19. Marked reduction in the serological response to vaccination was seen only in Group 2. Four cows in Group 1 excreted strain 19 after parturition, one of them aborted and another calved prematurely with heavy infection of the placenta and fetus with strain 19 in both cases. Resistance to challenge was similar in both vaccinated groups and higher than previously demonstrated after conventional calfhood vaccination with strain 19. Apparently pregnant cows can be effectively vaccinated by the s.c. administration of a dose of strain 19 vaccine containing approximately 3 .times. 108 organisms without undue interference with subsequent serological tests or inconvenience resulting from persistence of strain 19 infection.