The effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline on venous return and regional blood flows in the anaesthetized cat with special reference to intestinal blood flow

Abstract

In cats, a venous long-circuit technique was used to measure the blood flows in the superior vena cava and the hepatic, renal and iliac segments of the inferior vena cava. The sum of these flows gave the venous return (minus coronary and bronchial flows). In further experiments using an electromagnetic flowmeter, flow in the portal vein and in the superior mesenteric and coeliac arteries was measured. Approximately two-thirds of the hepatic blood flow is derived from the portal vein. After block of conduction in the cervical region of the spinal cord, the proportions of the venous return coming from each region during the control periods were not significantly altered although the arterial pressure and total venous return were decreased. Intravenous infusions of adrenaline caused an increase in venous return which was associated with a marked increase in hepatic blood flow. The increase in hepatic blood flow was due to an increase in flow in the superior mesenteric artery and portal vein. Flow in the coeliac artery remained unchanged. This response was unaffected by block of the cervical region of the spinal cord and by atropine or pentolinium. Intravenous infusions of noradrenaline caused little change in venous return or regional blood flows. Small increases in superior mesenteric artery flow were occasionally seen and on cessation of the infusion a large but brief increase occurred. These facts suggest that noradrenaline has a similar action to adrenaline but this is masked by concomitant vasoconstriction.