Interlayer adsorption of macrocyclic compounds (crown-ethers and cryptands) in 2:1 phyllosilicates: I. Isotherms and kinetics

Abstract

The intercalation process of crown-ethers and cryptands into Ba²⁺- and Na⁺-montmorillonites leads to H-type adsorption isotherms according to the Giles et al. classification. The experimental monolayer capacity shows that 1:1 or 2:1 macrocyclic ligand/interlayer cation complexes can be produced. Kinetic experiments at different temperatures indicate that the intercalation is diffusion-controlled. The activation energies deduced from Arrhenius plots are 25–38 kJ mol⁻¹.