Compact High-Temperature Vacuum Furnace

Abstract
A small furnace design is described. The furnace is heated by electrical resistance in a refractory metal tube which is surrounded by radiation shields and a water‐cooled housing arranged in a compact assembly. The heater tube can be replaced readily without disassembling the furnace. The furnace can be heated to a temperature of 2200°C or higher in vacuum or nonoxidizing atmosphere.

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