The author presents general impressions gained from follow-up studies made on thousands of epileptic children, some of them observed for as long as 24 years. This experience has led to the policy of treating children with regular daily anticonvulsant medication immediately after the occurrence of the first epileptic seizure. This medication is prescribed in full dosage for at least four years after the last seizure. Following this period, the dosage of the anticonvulsant medication is gradually withdrawn and discontinued within an interval of one to two years, depending on the individual case. The purpose is to prevent not only the occurrence but also the fear of a second seizure. This plan of therapy is unwarranted in children who suffer with so-called febrile convulsions.