Characterisation of zirconia gels by 17O nuclear magnetic resonance

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Abstract
The reaction of water with zirconium isopropoxide. Zr(OPri)4, gives Zr(OH)n(OPri)4-n(0 n 4) and subsequently monoclinic and tetragonal zirconia in stages that can be clearly identified by 17O magic-angle spinning NMR spectra. The intermediate products are essentially amorphous to X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).