In 31 cases of acroosteolysis of the hands of workmen associated with vinyl chloride (CH2CHC1) polymerization processes, the osteolysis was specific to the distal phalanges of hands and was frequently associated with Raynaud''s symptoms. Affected personnel ranged in age from 26 to 47. The disorder is believed to have resulted from a combination of physical insult, chemical insult, and personal idiosyncrasy. The specific causes are unknown. The prevalence was found to be less than 3% among employees performing similar work. No cases were found in workmen using or processing the polymer or manufacturing commercial resins.