Peritoneal autotransplantation of splenic tissue after extensive injury to the spleen is observed infrequently. Buchbinder and Lipcoff 1 (1939) introduced the term "splenosis" to designate the presence of multiple spleen-like implants in the peritoneal cavity. This condition represents a definite clinical and pathological entity; moreover, "emphasis on its recognition may allow assumption of its rightful position among the diseases and conditions that confront the modern surgeon."2 In the past, isolated cases of splenosis have appeared in the surgical literature,3-25 however, Cotlar and Cerise (1959)26 published an extensive review of all available reported instances of splenic autotransplantation following traumatic rupture of the spleen and/or splenectomy. These authors added two personal experiences to bring the total number of reported cases to 36. More recently, Zeifer, Junker, and Fox (1960)27 called attention to an additional case of peritoneal splenosis in which the correct diagnosis of splenosis was made preoperatively.