p = 0.009), sepsis (χ 2 = 3.7; p = 0.06), renal impairment (χ 2 = 28.3; p = 0.0000001), relaparotomy (χ 2 = 4.1; p = 0.04), and death (χ 2 = 9.7; p = 0.002). This study demonstrated a significant clinical association between increased IAP and abnormal pHi. An abnormally low pHi was associated with poor outcome.