Radio propagation over a flat Earth across a boundary separating two different media

Abstract

A theoretical investigation is given of the phenomena arising when vertically polarized radio waves are propagated across a boundary between two homogeneous sections of the earth’s surface which have different complex permittivities. The problem is treated in a two-dimensional form, but the results, when suitably interpreted, are valid for a dipole source. The earth’s surface is assumed to be flat. In the first part of the paper one section of the earth is taken to have infinite conductivity and is represented by an infinitely thin, perfectly conducting half-plane lying in the surface of an otherwise homogeneous earth. The resulting boundary-value problem is initially solved for a plane wave incident at an arbitrary angle; the scattered field due to surface currents induced in the perfectly conducting sheet is expressed as an angular spectrum of plane waves, and this formulation leads to dual integral equations which are treated rigorously by the methods of contour integration. The solution for a line-source is then derived by integration of the plane-wave solutions over an appropriate range of angles of incidence, and is reduced to a form in which the new feature is an integral of the type missing text whereaandbare in general complex within a certain range of argument.