Buffy coat autografts for patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia in transformation

Abstract

We have treated 20 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) in transformation with cytotoxic drugs or with cytotoxic drugs and wholebody irradiation followed by transfusion of autologous blood cells collected at diagnosis and stored in liquid nitrogen. The mean number of nucleated cells autografted was 25.1×10⁸/kg (range: 12.5–40.1). Full myeloid engraftment occurred in 18 patients; it was partial in one patient and unassessable in another. The median survival for the 20 patients post-graft was 14 weeks. Two patients are alive, one now in recurrent transformation, and one in second chronic phase that has lasted 52 weeks. For the 18 patients who died the mean survival was 24 weeks (range: 2–125). Two patients with predominantly myelosclerotic transformation showed evidence of engrafmnent. One patient successfully autografted developed features consistent with graft-versus-host disease which proved fatal. We conclude that autografting may offer substantial palliation for some but not all patients with CGL in transformation.